Statements

Conditionals in R

How R evaluates TRUE/FALSE logic to branch code with if/else, the vectorized ifelse(), and the multi-case switch() function.

MOVE and Arithmetic Statements

Learn how COBOL's MOVE statement reformats data between fields and how ADD, SUBTRACT, MULTIPLY, DIVIDE, and COMPUTE perform arithmetic with proper rounding and…

STRING and INSPECT Statements

Learn COBOL's built-in text-processing verbs: STRING for concatenation, UNSTRING for splitting, and INSPECT for counting and replacing characters.

Subprograms and CALL Statements

Learn how COBOL programs invoke reusable subprograms with the CALL statement, pass parameters via the LINKAGE SECTION, and choose between static and dynamic li…

Case Statements in Depth

Learn how Bash's case statement uses glob patterns, fall-through terminators, and pattern lists to replace long if/elif chains.

if-else Statements in Go

Learn how Go's if-else statement works without parentheses, including its unique init-statement syntax.

switch Statements in Go

Understand Go's switch statement, including implicit break, fallthrough, tagless switches, and type switches.

Control Transfer Statements in Swift

Master continue, break, fallthrough, return, and labeled statements for precise control over loops and switches.

if-else Statements in Swift

Learn how Swift's if-else statement branches execution using strictly typed Bool conditions and mandatory braces.

Prepared Statements and SQL Injection

Understand how SQL injection attacks work and how parameterized prepared statements in PDO eliminate them by separating SQL structure from user data.

Conditional Statements

Explains how C# branches program flow using if/else, the ternary conditional operator, and pattern-based conditions, with guidance on readability and pitfalls.

Switch Statements and Expressions

Learn how C# branches on a value using the classic switch statement and the modern, expression-based switch introduced in C# 8, including pattern matching arms.

using and IDisposable

Learn how .NET manages unmanaged resources through the IDisposable pattern and how the using statement and using declarations guarantee deterministic cleanup.

Conditional Statements in Ruby

How to control program flow in Ruby with if/elsif/else, unless, ternary expressions, and modifier conditionals, plus Ruby's truthiness rules.