Oriented

Object-Oriented Fortran

Explore how modern Fortran supports encapsulation, inheritance via type extension, and runtime polymorphism through CLASS and SELECT TYPE.

Object-Oriented Pascal

Learn how Pascal implements classes, inheritance, polymorphism, and constructors/destructors through the `class` type and virtual methods.

Object-Oriented Programming in MATLAB

Learn how MATLAB's classdef syntax lets you bundle data and behavior into classes, using properties, methods, inheritance, and encapsulation to build maintaina…

Object-Oriented Lua

Learn how Lua uses tables, functions, and metatables to build objects, methods, and encapsulation without a built-in class system.

Object-Oriented Perl

Learn how Perl implements classes, objects, and inheritance using packages, blessed references, and the arrow operator, plus the modern Moose/Moo/class approac…

What Is Scala?

An introduction to Scala as a statically typed, JVM-based language that fuses object-oriented and functional programming paradigms.

Protocol-Oriented Programming in Swift

Explore Swift's protocol-oriented design philosophy, which favors composing small protocols over deep class inheritance.