CProgramming Study Notes

Arrays in C

Learn C arrays: 1D and 2D declarations, initialization, passing to functions, pointer decay, and out-of-bounds pitfalls with examples.

Binary Search in C

Learn binary search in C with syntax, a step-by-step explanation, working code, output, and O(log n) complexity analysis.

Bitwise Operators in C

Master C bitwise operators — AND, OR, XOR, NOT, left shift, right shift — with truth tables, precedence, and signed-shift pitfalls.

Bubble Sort in C

Master bubble sort in C: syntax, algorithm explanation, optimized code with early-exit flag, sample output, and O(n^2) complexity.

Common C Interview Questions

Top C programming interview questions and answers covering pointers, memory allocation, storage classes, structures, and const/volatile.

Previous Exam Questions on C

Practice previous-year C programming exam questions organized by topic: basics, control flow, functions, pointers, and data structures.

Command Line Arguments in C

Learn how argc and argv let C programs read command-line input, with parsing and string-to-number conversion examples.

Constants in C

Understand C constants: literals, #define, const keyword, enumeration constants, and how to use each correctly.

Data Types in C

Master C data types — int, float, char, double, and modifiers — with sizes, ranges, format specifiers, and examples.

Dynamic Memory Allocation in C

Master C dynamic memory allocation with malloc, calloc, realloc, and free, including sizing, zero-initialization, and leak prevention.

Enumerations (enum) in C

Learn C enumerations: syntax, default integer values, custom value assignment, and best practices with examples.

Features of C

Explore the core features of C — portability, speed, modularity, pointers, and rich operators — that make it a systems programming staple.

File Handling in C

Learn C file handling with fopen, fclose, fprintf, and fscanf, including file modes, error checks, and a working example.

Functions in C

Learn C functions: declaration vs definition, parameters, pass-by-value, return statements, and prototypes with examples.

Header Files in C

Learn how C header files work, how to write and include your own, and how include guards prevent multiple-inclusion errors.

History and Evolution of C

Trace C's evolution from Dennis Ritchie's 1972 creation at Bell Labs through K&R C, ANSI C, and modern C99/C11 standards.

if-else in C

Learn C's if, if-else, and else-if ladder with syntax, dangling-else pitfalls, nested examples, and exam-style practice questions.

Introduction to C Programming

Learn what C programming is, why it matters, and how its simple syntax and low-level power make it the foundation of modern computing.

Linked List Basics in C

Learn singly linked lists in C: node structs, malloc-based insertion, traversal, and time complexity, with a full compilable example.

Loops in C (for, while, do-while)

Complete guide to C loops — for, while, and do-while — with syntax, execution order, examples, and exam-focused comparisons.

Memory Management in C

Understand C's memory layout — text, data, heap, and stack segments — and when to choose stack vs heap allocation.

Merge Sort in C

Understand merge sort in C: divide-and-conquer recursion, syntax, a worked merge-step trace, full code, output, and O(n log n) complexity.

Operators in C

Learn C operators — arithmetic, relational, logical, assignment, and increment/decrement — with syntax, examples, and exam-ready MCQs.

Pointers in C

Learn C pointers with syntax, address-of and dereference operators, pointer arithmetic, and common pitfalls, with examples and output.